Returns This method does not return a value; do not use the cfreturn tag. Usage Use this method to handle errors in an application-specific manner. Whether the onError method can display output depends on where the error takes place, as follows: The onError method can display a message to the user if an error occurs during an onApplicationStart, onSessionStart, onRequestStart, onRequest, or onRequestEnd event method, or while processing a request.
The onError method cannot display output to the user if the error occurs during an onApplicationEnd or onSessionEnd event method, because there is no available page context; however, it can log an error message.
If the onError event handler is triggered by a scope-specific event method, such as onSessionStart, the error prevents further processing at the level of that scope and any lower scopes. An onError event triggered by an onSessionStart method, for example, prevents further processing in the session, but not in the application. If an exception occurs while processing the onError method, or if the onError method uses a cfthrow tag, the ColdFusion standard error handling mechanisms handle the exception.
These mechanisms include: any error handlers specified by cferror tags in the Application. I can get the session timeout to trigger the OnSessionEnd , but so far the only functionality I can get is to write to a file, I cant run a query.
If I directly invoke the onsessionend I can get it to run a query and do a cflocation. Why would the query not run automatically when the session times out? I am just trying to log info and save session info. After posting my comment I immediately saw that I was not referencing the argument scope to get the session variables This event handler happens asynchronously to any particular page request.
I am not sure how the event is actually invoked by the ColdFusion application server; it might follow CFLocation, but not in any visible way. Okay, here's a weird one I have a cart structure being defined by OnSessionStart It's essentially re-starting the session every time I go from one page to the next! Any idea what might be causing this behavior? Disabled cookies? A forced call to onSessionStart in onRequestStart? An application name that is dynamic and changing for every request?
We do have client-side cookies disabled gov't contractor, we have very draconian privacy reqs we have to follow , but we've never had an issue with session management previously. This is the first time we've used application. We don't currently have any onRequestStart , and the application name is static, so neither of those should be an issue.
Are you using urlSessionFormat around all your links? Since application. Turning on client cookies seems to have fixed the problem temporarily, and I'll look into other options. I do have a block that loads at the top of each page via cfinclude, but it's purely decoration and I don't want to muck it up with code if I can avoid it.
This was more-or-less inherited code several years old, and I have no idea where it came from. But it worked, so we used it. We've just recently finally managed to catch up with a more modern version of CF, and are now migrating to working primarily with CFCs.
I see. Yeah, once you get into Application. You could probably do the same thing in the onRequestStart event handler if you were so inclined. Hi, I have found an example of how to refresh a page with ajax after a form is submitted. It works great, but in my application. If you want, you can put in some sort of flag in the onRequestStart event handler to prevent the header include from time to time. Love the Blog - some entries like this one would be great to print as a reference, but printed versions are still horrible.
FireFox does such a completely useless job that I'm reduced to using IE. IE prints a large dark rectangle some sort of "echo" of the mast head?
There is such a wealth of good information here, it seems a real shame not to fix this in your copious spare time - I'm ashamed of myself for complaining, I really am. Ben have a cf8 application. I put the snippet you suggested in onrequeststart but it doesnt seem to work. It is seeing my ajax flag variable but it seems onrequest is still having its noxious effect.
I had a print version for a while; I think it got removed again in one of the "site renovations". I could probably add it back in easily enough and thank you for the kind words my friend. I was running into that problem a while back. It's a bit strange since deleting it from the public this scope should be enough; however, ColdFusion is probably doing something a bit different when invoking these methods.
I'm transitioning to application. Double-check the spelling of the custom tags. In my search for documentation, I have discover what the Application's property "SetDomainCookies" does actually. If the server runs into a clustered environment as many of web hosts , and if its value is set to "true" ; it links the cookies to the domain and not only the server.
So the cookies are always accessible even if, for one or another reason, the request is processed from a different server. Unfortunately, the world of clustering is not something I've had the opportunity to play in just yet.
That said, I am not sure I understand what you mean about the cookies. Taking these two sites, for example:. No, I just mean for a given domain, sometimes there is several servers raid systems to proceed the requests.
And it seems that the "regular" cookies belong to one server and not to the others of the cluster. So to make cookies belong to any of the cluster's servers, we need to set the SetDomainCookies to true. I am not sure that I fully understand. The browser passes cookies back with every single page request. As such, I would think it's the "browser" that actually owns the cookies.
The only thing the server can do, I think, is tell the browser what domain the cookie belongs too or I guess that's actually a feature of the browser's own security. I have a question about the onRequestStart. Do you think it is an ok practive to validate a login request or a confirm registration request here? For example: from login. Same as a confim registration request. Or should that processing not be done here? Rather use it for checking to see if a user has logged in or not?
A lot of times, what I'll do is check for logged-in status in the onRequest event handler, not the onRequestStart event handler. Typically, I only use the onRequestStart to initialize request-based variables, not to perform any workflow logic.
In the onRequest event handler, I might check to see if the user is logged in, and if not, include the login form rather than the front controller or the requested file. The onRequest event handler is great for managing the executed script.
Of course, my approach changes depending on the constraints of the application - ie. Are only certain parts login-protected? Ben, I just wanted to say thanks for this awesome tutorial. I have integrated this code into a few sites recently including the ones below. Don't know what I missed but in my CF8 ajax calls commenting out onrequest function allows a response but even with the second variables scope deleted in onrequeststart as below.
Where are you performing the structDelete? And what logic are you using to decide whether or not to delete? So I used the hack of recognizing all calls to cfc's as ajax requests which means I cant use cfc services for synch requests. But the way I confirmed the nature of my issue was commenting out onrequest block - ajax works. Hmm, not sure why it wouldn't work in the onRequestStart. I would recommend using the CFArgument that gets passed into the onRequestStart event handler, rather than referring to the CGI object to get the incoming template path; probably just safe since ColdFusion is explicitly providing you with a template path in the argument.
Hi Ben Can you please provide a citation for your assertions that these event handlers are single-threaded? I'm not disagreeing with you, but I cannot find anywhere that it's explicitly and officially stated. Did u do any research on the order implicit events get fired? I know that onSessionEnd does not have interact or make request.
So I would imagine onSessionEnd would always happen after. If there was a request it would restart timeout. So how is a count of sessions calculated?
Is it simply not gone until 8 hours the default setting in the servers xml has passed? Add it, wait 8 hours and subtract it? I think Ben goes over how to end a seesion in a thread. You can end a session programatically, otherwise you have to wait for the session to timeout.
You can use an application scope variable to maintain the count. I asked the question because I thought the graph of sessions you see in the CF Enterprise Performance Monitor did not make sense. If you have an application. I try and call application scoped variables out of it and get nothing but non-existent variables.
Never mind, I found the problem. It wasn't being pulled in because someone didn't use the cfapplication tag correctly Let's say we have an Application. One would presume that the application variables would be reinitialized when the application restarts In this case, simply reiniting the app through say a call to onApplicationStart in the onRequestStart method will not reload the application vars The following fails At this point we shouldn't have a user session.
So the reinit doesn't reload the application vars However, if an exclusive lock is placed on the application scope for the reinit I'm not exactly confident of my presumption In this case I had to manually restart ColdFusion to reload the user component in the application scope Does onRequestEnd get called on a Request Timeout?
I want to capture and log request timeouts in my applications. Sitting on my first application. I can define a variable inside the event, but I need to declare it outside in order to be able to reference the variable. It works. Can someone shed some light on what I'm doing wrong? You have a session, CF isn't going to rerun onSessionStart. If you have done that, you can add a call to onSessionStart in onRequestStart, or just rename the application temporarily.
Hi there, in my app. Peter: No. But - if you are doing some logic in onRequestStart for every request, you could add a simple CFIF to check if the page is the one you want to exclude and skip the logic. Also, you can put the file in a subdirectory and put in an empty App. It will run, but do nothing. As we can see, the default protection replaces object, embed, script, applet, and meta tags by 'InvalidTag' text.
But you can customize the patterns by modifying the regular expression in neo-security. Great thing, imho. Light Dark. OnSessionStart This fires when an individual session first runs. OnRequestStart This fires when a page request first runs. OnRequest This fires when the requested template needs to get processed. OnRequestEnd This fires at the end of every page request.
OnSessionEnd This fires at the end of every session. OnApplicationEnd This fires at the end of the application. OnError This fires if an exception gets thrown and is not caught by the controlling code. Name This is the name of the application and is used to tie a request to existing application memory scopes.
ApplicationTimeout The time span an application will exist before it times out if the application is not accessed in any way. SessionTimeout The time span a session will exist before it times out if the application is not access in any way by that session's user. ClientStorage If client management is being used, this determines where the client variables are being stored cooke, registry, or database.
LoginStorage The place login information is stored cookie or session. ScriptProtect A boolean flag to determine if the variables will be protected from cross-site-scripting attacks. Type, "coldfusion. Return out. Ian May 25, at AM 7 Comments. Thanks for the overview. I've got a couple of questions from trying to use Application. CF single threads it for you. Ian, As Ray said, you do not need to lock the variable since OnApplicationStart is inherently single-threaded. Ian, As far as the query goes, if it needs to be executed for every single page request, then put it in the OnRequestStart event method.
SystemSettings, CGI. SystemSettings[ CGI. Hope some of that helps. Hi Ben, Yet another great overview. Thanks for the effort. Could you make your web pages more print-friendly?
Will, Glad it helped. Jim May 31, at PM 57 Comments. Any thoughts? Thanks again for all the great blog posts! I don't know how you find the time! Jim, Glad you like the work and effort that I am putting into this stuff.
Adobe has a full tech note on this. Search at GOogle. Sean Corfield also blogged on it. I bugged Ray about it and he pointed me to Sean's blog where indeed he has the answer! Yes, you need to check for the existence first. I make the mistake all the time myself.
Yes Thomas you're right. I noticed it only exists if your Application. Thomas, Thanks for the tip. I did a quick little example to see what was different: www. Ahmed, No problem. William, In the OnRequestStart method, you can check the requested template. Hey Ben, Good stuff but are you sure you receive the application scope as a variable?
Matt, If you don't want the include to have access to the Application. Hi Ben great tutorials and files as ever. Thank you for everything you blog and share. Many thanks, Matt. Stefan Feb 26, at PM 19 Comments. This code is returning "Could not find the included template.. Any Help? James, I am not sure what you are referring to. Steve Dec 17, at AM 4 Comments.
So I started filling in the Application. Everything is still blank. Steve, Funky. You're right looks like there are some SQL errors that are not being reported. Steve, Ok cool. Let us know if you're still getting problems after that's fixed. These functions will be available for use anywhere in Application. However, if a template from onRequest is not included, the functions will not be available to every template in your application.
It also accepts setting certain configuration settings in the implicit constructor, discussed in the Components section of the Code Reuse chapter. ColdFusion defines more than 20 settings that can be set and updated from the implicit constructor in Application. We'll cover the basics, and for the rest, you should read the official documentation. Inexplicably, the primary documentation for Application. Every application needs a name.
It must be more or less alphanumeric and as a best practice, should not include spaces or any symbols or punctuation. This name is used to create different contexts for each application running on the server, so that they don't share any memory. Without a unique name, your application's code could potentially overwrite memory values for another application. While a default application timeout setting is set server-wide in the CF Administrator, you can override this setting, up to a CF Administrator defined limit, with this.
Custom tags, covered in the Code Reuse chapter, can be sourced from numerous directories. You can add to the global list in the CF Administrator, and your Application. Similarly, you can set per-application mappings that supercede any mappings of the same name set in the CF Administrator for requests in your application.
Each application is allowed one app-global default data source, which will be used if none is defined for a query or stored procedure. Session management -- whether or not sessions are enabled and tracked for your application -- can be enabled or disabled via the sessionManagement setting.
You can also specify the session timeout. Just a reminder: Do yourself a favor and check out the primary list of other available settings , as well as the ORM settings.
ColdFusion applications differ from traditional desktop applications in that they are not always "running" when enabled. CF Applications only ever do anything when an http request is made; with the exception of special cases like onApplicationStop and onSessionStop. When a request is made during the execution of the Application.
Then, any necessary events are broadcast and responded to, in serial onSessionStart will not fire before onApplicationStart returns; onRequestStart waits for onSessionStart , and so on Control is then passed to the requested template. After the template completes, control shifts back to Application.
Technically speaking, and assuming the default settings from a vanilla ColdFusion install, you can have an Application. Doing so implies that everything in that folder and all of its subfolders and theirs, and theirs If a request is made for you.
If found, then it uses the application name set therein. If not found, CF then checks the parent folder, bar. This process is repeated over and over until it reaches the system root. This is the default setting as of ColdFusion Other options are "until webroot", where the process described above stops at the web root instead of the system root, and "in webroot", which specifies that CF should only ever look for you.
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